??托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作練習(xí)的過(guò)程中，我們要掌握一定的托福寫(xiě)作解題技巧。獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作第*步是審題，審好題才能確立好觀點(diǎn)，才能正確地展開(kāi)論述。既然托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作審題這么重要，那么我們應(yīng)該如何正確審題呢？小編來(lái)給大家具體解析一下獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作審題方法。
??一.獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作審題
??如何在短時(shí)間內(nèi)完成獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的題目分析和論點(diǎn)選擇呢?
??不少同學(xué)在獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中未能如愿到達(dá)Good (24-30)這個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)檔，有時(shí)不是因?yàn)閮?nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)不夠或者語(yǔ)言水平不過(guò)關(guān)，而是在一開(kāi)始的時(shí)候沒(méi)能很好地抓住題目的要求，換句話說(shuō)，就是沒(méi)有很好地達(dá)到獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中5分滿分的第*條內(nèi)容：“有效地回應(yīng)寫(xiě)作話題和任務(wù)”
??一些同學(xué)可能會(huì)大概“掃” 一眼題目就匆匆開(kāi)始了，覺(jué)得寫(xiě)作前花幾分鐘詳細(xì)分析題目會(huì)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，但是如果文章寫(xiě)偏題了，被認(rèn)為是“Your responses is only marginally related to the question that was asked.”，即使內(nèi)容多詳細(xì)語(yǔ)言水平多高都不能挽救分?jǐn)?shù)的。
??沒(méi)有做好審題這一步的同學(xué)可能會(huì)遇到以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：
??1.讀不全
??沒(méi)有花時(shí)間去認(rèn)真讀題目，漏看了論述中的部分詞(尤其是題目篇幅較長(zhǎng)時(shí))
??2.讀不懂
??由于詞匯、語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)不夠過(guò)硬而誤解了題目意思(特別是題目包含從句時(shí))
??3.讀不透
??只寫(xiě)了“大話題”，沒(méi)有回應(yīng)具體 “小話題”(忽略了有關(guān)修飾詞)
??二.讀不懂的情況下如何審題
??根據(jù)我們很多同學(xué)的考后“悲傷回憶”，他們就曾經(jīng)掉進(jìn)了以上某個(gè)“坑”當(dāng)中。為了讓更多的同學(xué)順利完成寫(xiě)作任務(wù)，今天我們的重點(diǎn)是解決題目“讀不透”的情況。要正確分析一個(gè)獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的話題，各位需要關(guān)注題目中不同的詞匯，主要有以下三種：
??1.The topic words
??2.The micro-topic words
??3.The instruction words
??1.確認(rèn)寫(xiě)作話題關(guān)鍵詞(Identify the Topic Words)
??每個(gè)寫(xiě)作題目都會(huì)包含一個(gè)比較“泛”的話題，托福獨(dú)立作文中常見(jiàn)的話題包括教育學(xué)習(xí)類、生活休閑類、工作類、科技類、類、環(huán)境類等。
??接下來(lái)我們先看看真題Official 45獨(dú)立作文這個(gè)話題。
??Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
??In the past, young people depended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today young people are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
??Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
??以上這個(gè)寫(xiě)作任務(wù)涉及的“大話題” 是現(xiàn)在的年輕人做決定(young people make decisions)。但是如果僅僅寫(xiě)現(xiàn)在的年輕人自己作決定有什么好處，肯定不能很好地滿足上述評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的第*條要求(effectively address the topic and task)。
??我們繼續(xù)看第二個(gè)分析點(diǎn)：
??2.識(shí)別微話題關(guān)鍵詞(Identify Micro-topic Words)
??這種類型的詞一般是用來(lái)細(xì)化這個(gè)比較“泛”的話題題目，確定具體的寫(xiě)作方向，反映出評(píng)分員具體希望從考生的文章中看到的內(nèi)容，因此它們一般會(huì)包含一種觀點(diǎn)立場(chǎng)或者是題目論述的修飾成分。下面再來(lái)看看真題Official 45的獨(dú)立作文題目。
??Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
??In the past, young people depended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today young people are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
??Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
??在這個(gè)題目中，微話題關(guān)鍵詞是“are better able to”(更有能力)以及“about their own lives”(與自己人生有關(guān))，如果各位考生沒(méi)有找準(zhǔn)這兩個(gè)細(xì)化的關(guān)鍵詞，很容易將文章方向?qū)懫?，因此，我們說(shuō)寫(xiě)作文的時(shí)候要以微話題關(guān)鍵詞為出發(fā)點(diǎn)。
??3.識(shí)別題目指引詞(Identify Instruction Words)
??相信我們大部分同學(xué)都知道獨(dú)立作文的題目提問(wèn)類型有：同意與否、二選一(個(gè)人偏好)、三選一(*值)。下面以三個(gè)真題Official獨(dú)立作文的題目為例分析具體的寫(xiě)作指引。
??真題Official 45
??Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
??In the past, young people depended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today young people are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
??Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
??以上的題目是典型的“Agree or Disagree”類型，要求考生表達(dá)自己對(duì)于題目論述的看法，并加入具體的原因和例子去作為支撐。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生選擇同意題目立場(chǎng)，就需要去想導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)在的年輕人更有能力做與自己人生有關(guān)的決定的原因。
??真題Official 44
??Some people believe that when busy parents do not have a lot of time to spend with their children, the best use of that time is to have fun playing games or sports. Others believe that it is best to use that time doing things together that are related to schoolwork. Which of the two approaches do you prefer?
??Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
??以上的題目是典型的“personal preference”(二選一)類型，要求考生從題目描述的兩種選擇中挑一種，并加入具體的原因和例子去作為支撐。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生選擇同意題目第*種觀點(diǎn)，就需要去想為什么工作忙的家長(zhǎng)要將有限的空閑時(shí)間用來(lái)陪孩子玩游戲或者做運(yùn)動(dòng)。
??真題Official 43
??Imagine that you are in a classroom or a meeting. The teacher or the meeting leader says something incorrect. In your opinion, which of the following is the best thing to do?
??1) Interrupt and correct the mistake right away
??2) Wait until the class or meeting is over and the people are gone, and then talk to the teacher or meeting leader
??3) Say nothing
??Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
??以上的題目是典型的“三選一” 類型，要求考生從題目中列舉的三種選擇挑一種，并加入具體的原因和例子去作為支撐。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生選擇立場(chǎng)2)，就需要去想為什么要等到下課或者會(huì)后人都離場(chǎng)了才去和老師或領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說(shuō)。